Expected Proficiencies for Undergraduate Economics Majors

The case for adopting a proficiencies approach to instruction and learning in the economics major is reiterated. This approach focuses on what graduating majors should be able to do with the knowledge and skills they acquire in the major, that is, their ability to demonstrate their learning in practical ways. The author's list of five proficiencies, advanced in the mid-1980s, is reviewed and revised; one additional proficiency is added and several others are refined. The author discusses the emphasis given to these proficiencies with top economics undergraduates at two major research universities, the author's experience with incorporating these proficiencies into his instruction, and the challenge of assessing the ability of economics majors to demonstrate these proficiencies.     

浅析国际分工对中国经济的影响

这是迄今为止最庞大、最复杂的系统——国际分工体系,它将世界上几乎所有的国家和地区紧密地联接在一起,彼此相互依赖相互依存,成为决定着世界经济格局和秩序的最终力量。一国参与或加入国际分工体系的方式和模式决定其在世界经济中的地位和影响力,后发国家要想实现跨域式发展,不参加国际分工是难以想象的,但并不是参加进去就万事大吉,其实后续的路程更加具有挑战性,是决定一国经济发展成败与否的关键因素。     

金融危机对我国劳动就业的影响分析

美国次贷危机引发了全球金融危机,国际经济形势的恶化直接影响我国的经济发展,加剧了我国就业压力。缓解我国就业压力应建立和启动失业预警系统;加大对社会组织吸纳就业的政策干预;积极实施创业带动就业的政策措施。     

农村劳动力转移的财税支持政策研究

阐述了影响农村劳动力转移的制度框架:农民"想出去"、"出得去"、农民知道"往哪儿去"、农民能够"进得去"、"住得下"、"住下去"、"放心住下去",并在劳动力转移成本效益分析的基础上,认为财税政策应从以下四个方面助推农村劳动力的转移:以财政投入降低农村劳动力转移成本;增加能为农村劳动力的转移创造条件的基本公共服务;以税收优惠政策促进农民工进城就业;建立农民工社会保障体系。     

韩国应对劳工短缺的政策选择及其对中国的借鉴

劳工短缺现象已成为东亚许多国家的普遍问题。这个问题并不是经济自发调节便可消除的暂时现象,如长期持续下去,将对各国的产品出口以及经济发展构成严重的制约。韩国自20世纪80年代末起便开始了对劳工短缺问题的调查研究,积累了大量的文献与实践经验。在描述韩国劳工短缺现状的基础上,探讨其成因并介绍韩国政府对此问题所采取的措施及实施效果。提出了对解决我国劳工短缺问题的可借鉴之处。     

提高劳动报酬比重 缩小收入分配差距 构建有中国特色的收入分配体系

合理的收入分配制度有利于提高经济效率、维护社会公平,是推动科学发展、促进社会和谐的重要保障。改革开放以来,我国居民收入水平明显提高、消费结构显著提升,但是收入占比较低,分配差距较大的现象已经成为人们关注的焦点。当前,必须将主要精力从创造财富转移到分配财富中去,逐步提高劳动报酬占国民生产总值的比重,缩小收入分配差距,构建有中国特色的收入分配体系。     

The practice of sport and its influence on social values and behaviour education

‘Non-health effects’ of sports practice, as life satisfaction or non-cognitive education, are being adopted as aim in academic journals in several fields. This paper tries to contribute to this literature by focusing on the links between youth sports and the formation of values and social skills. To do this, we have made a survey, in which more than 5000 Spanish students were involved. They were asked about their sport activity, leisure preferences and socio-economic and family characteristics. We analyse separately athletes and non-athletes using Heckman’s two-step method. Therefore, we split the sample based on the likelihood of practising sports initially predicted by a probit analysis. Then, we separately estimate the non-cognitive educational outcomes of each group of individuals. The results of the first step show significant differences in gender, socio-economic and academic performance. In the second step, segregating the sample provides a number of highly significant effects: The cases of household income and videogames frequency play, among others. So, we have detected a different effect of increasing family income on the educational results (positive in the athlete and negative in the non-athlete group). In addition, a more substantial negative effect was observed in time devoted to videogames in the sample of athletes. These results can be used to implement educational policy measures, such as the promotion of sport in schools, or implementing awareness campaigns about responsible engagement in leisure time activities.     

Hartmut Elsenhans,Saving Capitalism from the Capitalists

Hartmut Elsenhans's Saving Capitalism from the Capitalists presents an intriguing argument: capitalist elites have induced unsustainable capitalism to the disadvantage of labor and the system as a whole. The author proposes a fairly unconventional solution. He suggests that democratic socialism can be the necessary political complement to our capitalist system. By drawing on the socialist capacity to empower labor and increase mass consumption, we could achieve a more balanced and sustainable capitalism. The book is ideally suited for readers of Keynesian and post Keynesian analysis on contemporary capitalism and it fits in the discourse on problems of low income growth, declining demand, and investment opportunities in major world economies.     

中小企业劳动关系管理的现状、问题及对策分析

中小企业的发展对当地的经济以及民众生活的改善起着不可或缺的作用。随着我国企业发展战略的转变,中小企业劳动关系主体双方的利益分化和矛盾日益凸显,劳动关系也日益复杂。文章首先介绍了劳动关系管理内涵、理论基础,然后对中小企业劳动关系管理现状进行分析,提出存在的问题,最后针对存在的问题提出相应的对策。     

财政分权、地方政府行为与劳动者报酬份额

中国经济高速增长伴随劳动份额快速下降，为什么会产生这种现象引起广泛的关注，文章从财政分权的视角进行了研究。在财政分权的激励和约束之下，地方政府为实现经济增长和晋升的目标，弱化对劳动者的保护，以便为“招商引资”创造良好“投资环境”。文章通过建立2000—2009年全国范围内和区域范围内的省级面板数据模型，验证了财政分权对劳动者收入份额的影响以及存在的区域差异，并提出改进目前以GDP作为主要指标的政绩考核机制、从制度上提高劳动收入占比的政策建议。